Hypoventilation and apnea precede hypoxia, therefore, end-tidal carbon dioxide should be affected before oxygen saturation.([FOOTNOTE=Cacho, G., Perez-Calle, J. L., Barbado, A., Lledo, J. L., Ojea, R., & Fernandez-Rodriguez, C. M. Capnography is superior to pulse oximetry for the detection of respiratory depression during colonoscopy. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2010;102(2):86-89.],[ANCHOR=],[LINK=]) Likewise, continuous monitoring of EtCO2 has been demonstrated to show greater sensitivity for detecting episodes of respiratory compromise.([FOOTNOTE=Overdyk, F. J., Carter, R., Maddox, R. R., Callura, J., Herrin, A. E., & Henriquez, C. Continuous oximetry/capnometry monitoring reveals frequent desaturation and bradypnea during patient-controlled analgesia. Anesth Analg. 2007;105(2):412-418.],[ANCHOR=],[LINK=])
Overdyk et al. continuously monitored postoperative patients (n=178) receiving patient-controlled analgesia on the ward who were assigned to receive morphine or meperdine by their surgeons with EtCO2 and SpO2 in order to determine the sensitivity of each parameter to episodes of respiratory compromise.2
Hypoxic Respiratory Failure | Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure |
---|---|
Incidence of patients with bradypnea (PR <10 for ≥3 minutes) as detected by EtCO2 | 41% |
Incidence of patients with desaturation (SpO2 <90% for ≥3 minutes) | 12% |
Incidence of patients with bradypnea (PR <10 for ≥2 minutes) as detected by EtCO2 | 58% |
Incidence of patients with desaturation (SpO2 <90% for ≥2 minutes) | 21% |
Percentage of desaturation events preceded by bradypnea | 28% |
Microstream™-enabled capnography monitoring provides an early warning of respiratory compromise,([FOOTNOTE=Maddox, R. R., Oglesby, H., Williams, C. K., Fields, M., & Danello, S. (2008). Continuous Respiratory Monitoring and a "Smart" Infusion System Improve Safety of Patient-Controlled Analgesia in the Postoperative Period],[ANCHOR=],[LINK=]) offering clinicians the opportunity to provide care sooner and quickly determine how to intervene, reducing risk and saving time, money and lives.
Monitor patient respiratory status remotely with Vital Sync™ monitoring and clinical decision support solution. It allows clinicians to take action with immediate access to smart, actionable data, implement clinical protocols through the use of CDS apps and receive updates and alerts on any web-enabled device.