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除了超重,肥胖还被定义为体脂过多。
肥胖本身是一种危险的疾病,会引发严重健康问题的多米诺骨牌效应。由于肥胖是一种可以影响身体多个器官的慢性进行性疾病,病态肥胖患者面临残疾或过早死亡的医疗风险。据估计,美国成人中肥胖致死人数每年约为280,000人。1
那些肥胖者患上各类癌症、成年型糖尿病、心脏病和高血压的风险更高。临床上重度肥胖引起的高血压可导致心脏病发作、充血性心力衰竭和中风。
通常因肥胖导致或恶化的其他病症包括:2
美国医学协会(AMA)已正式承认肥胖是一种需要一系列医疗干预来推进肥胖治疗和预防的疾病。“认识到肥胖是一种疾病,将有助于改变医学界解决这种影响大约1/3美国人的复杂问题的方式,”AMA董事会成员Patrice Harris医师表示。“AMA承诺改善健康预后,并致力于降低心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的发病率,而这两种疾病通常与肥胖有关。”3
临床上被确定为肥胖可以进行治疗。无论您是否患有很多与肥胖相关的健康问题,或仅仅是潜在的健康问题,未来都可能令人生畏。个人可以选择通过减肥手术开启生活的新篇章。
参考文献
1. Allison D, Fontaine K, Manson J, Stevens J, VanItallie T. Annual Deaths Attributable to Obesity in the United States. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1999. 282(16): 1530-1538.
2. Malnick SD, Knobler H. The medical complications of obesity. QJM. 2006. 99(9):565-579.
3. Medical group recognizes obesity as a disease. USA Today. June 19, 2013. Available from: http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/06/18/obesity-disease-american-medical-association/243501/.
4. Obesity and Overweight. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available from: http://www.cdc.ov/nchs/fastats/obesity-overweight.htm.
5. F as in Fat: How Obesity Threatens America's Future 2010. Published by Trust for America’s Health. June 2010. Available from: http://healthyamericans.org/reports/obesity2010/.